Nazi Parade

photo taken by Hugo Jager

Lxx years ago the greatest massacre in history began - with the financing from the Depository financial institution of England and the Federal Reserve Arrangement of the United States.

A recent resolution by the parliamentary assembly of the OSCE alleged that the Soviet Union and Nazi Frg held equal roles in unleashing WWII. Furthermore, the resolution has the purely pragmatic goal of pumping Russian coin into a few broke economies while seeking to demonize Russia as the successor to the Soviet Union and gear up the legal background for depriving Moscow from opposing this revisionist view the war. But if we are to debate the culpability for the war's outbreak, so we need to begin by answering this key question: who accommodated the Nazis' rise to ability, who directed them towards global ending? Germany's entire prewar history shows that the "necessary" policies were all provided for by guided financial turmoil - the same situation, by the manner, that the world finds itself in today.

The key structures of the W'southward post-war strategy were the central financial institutions of the U.s. and Great Great britain - the Banking concern of England and the Federal Reserve Organisation - coupled with financial-industrial organizations, who set out to establish accented control over the financial organization in Federal republic of germany to manage the politics of Primal Europe. The implementation of this strategy included the following steps:

1st: 1919-1924 - Preparing the grounds for massive American fiscal investments in the High german economic system.
second: 1924-1929 - Establishing command over the financial system and funding the National-Socialist movement.
3rd: 1929-1933 - Inciting and unleashing a deep economic crisis ensuring the Nazis would rise to power.
4th: 1933-1939 - Fiscal cooperation with the Nazi government and support for its expansionist foreign policy, aimed at preparing and unleashing the new world war.

In the starting time stage, the major leverage for the penetration of American upper-case letter into Europe came from state of war debts and the closely related issue of German reparations. After the Usa' formal entry into WWI, the U.South. provided its allies (primarily England and France) with loans amounting to $eight.viii billon. The total sum of war debt owed to the U.Due south., including loans offered between 1919 and 1921, amounted to $11 billion. To solve their own financial bug the debtor countries went later on Frg, forcing it to pay an enormous sum in reparations under extremely difficult conditions. The resulting flight of High german capital abroad and refusal by companies to pay their taxes resulted in such a state deficit that all the government could do is mass produce German language marks without bankroll. The High german currency collapsed equally a result. During the hyperinflation of 1923, the inflation rate reached 578,512% and one dollar was worth four.2 trillion Deutsch marks. German industrialists began to openly sabotage all attempt to pay the reparations, which eventually sparked the famous "Ruhr crisis" — a Franco-Belgian occupation of the Ruhr valley in 1923.

This is exactly what the ruling elite in Britain and American had been waiting for. Having allowed French republic to get bogged down in the Ruhrland adventures and showing its disability to solve the problem, they took the situation into their own hands. U.S. Secretary of State Charles Evans Hughes said, "We must wait until Europe is ripe to accept the American proposal."

A new project was adult in the bowels of J.P. Morgan and Co. at the behest Montague Norman, head of the Bank of England. At the heart of the project were Dresdner Banking concern representative Hjalmar Schacht'southward proposals, which had been formulated in March 1922 at the asking of John Foster Dulles, hereafter Secretary of State under Eisenhower, and legal advisor to President Woodrow Wilson at the Paris Peace Conference.

Dulles passed the proposals to the main trustee of J.P. Morgan and Co., who then gave recommendations to Schacht, Norman and - at concluding - to Weimar officials. In Dec 1923, Schacht became the manager of Reichbank and played an instrumental role in bringing together the Anglo-American and German financial circles.

In the summer of 1924, the projection, known as the "Dawes Plan" (named after an Charles One thousand. Dawes, the American director of one of Morgan's banks, who chaired the committee of experts who preparing the proposals) was adopted at the London Briefing. He called for halving the reparations to be paid, and also settled how Germany would pay them off. However, the master goal was to provide favorable conditions for U.South. investment, which could only exist made possible by stabilizing the German mark.

To that end, Germany was granted $200 meg in loans, half of which were provided by Morgan's banks. In doing so, Anglo-American banks established control over not but Frg'southward payments, simply besides its budget, monetary organization and, to a large extent, its credit organization. Past August 1924, the old German mark had been made anew, the financial state of affairs in Deutschland stabilized, and, as researcher One thousand.D. Preparta wrote, the Weimar Commonwealth was prepared for "the most hit economic aid in history, followed by the most bitter harvest in world history. [...] [T]he uncontrollable gushing of American blood flooded into Germany's financial core."

The consequences of this chop-chop fabricated themselves noticed.

Firstly, due to the fact that the annual reparations payments were to encompass the allies' total debts, the so-called "absurd Weimar wheel" developed. The gilded that Germany was using to pay state of war reparations was heaped upward and sold to the U.South., where it disappeared. From the U.S., co-ordinate to the plan, gold was going to Federal republic of germany in the course of "aid", which was then paid back to England and France, who so sent it dorsum to the United States to pay off their war debts. The U.S. then placed a heavy interest rate on information technology and sent it back to Germany. In the finish, Deutschland lived off of debt, and it was clear that should Wall Street withdraw its loans, so the country would suffer a consummate meltdown.

Secondly, although the loans were officially given to Germany to ensure the payment of reparations, in reality, they were designed to restore the land's military-industrial potential. In fact, the Germans paid off the loans with shares of German companies, allowing American capital to actively integrate itself into the German economy. The full amount of foreign investment in German language manufacture from 1924-1929 amounted to nearly 63 billion gold marks (the loans accounted for thirty billion of this), and 10 billion in reparations was paid off. American bankers - primarily J.P. Morgan, provided Seventy pct of Germany'due south financial income. As a issue, as early as 1929, Germany's industry was second in the world, merely to a big extent it was in the easily of America's leading fiscal-industrial groups.

Thus, I.G. Farben, the company that became the German language armed forces's key component, was under the control of Rockefeller's Standard Oil at the time it funded 45 pct of Hitler's election campaign in 1930. Through General Electric, J.P. Morgan controlled the High german radio and electrical manufacture in the class of AEG and Siemens (by 1933, General Electric owned a 30 percent stake in AEG). Through telecom company ITT, he controlled forty percent of Germany's telephone network and 30 percent of aircraft manufacturer Focke-Wulf. Opel was taken over by the Dupont family unit'southward General Motors. Henry Ford held a 100 percent stake in Volkswagen. In 1926, with the participation of Rockefeller bank, Dillon Reed and Co., the second largest industrial monopoly emerged - metallurgical firm Vereinigte Stahlwerke (Unified Steel Trusts) of Thyssen, Film, Wolf, Fegler, etc.

American cooperation with Germany'southward military-industrial complex became and then intense and pervasive that, by 1933, American capital had reached key sectors of German language industry and fifty-fifty major banks similar Deutsche Bank, Dresdner Bank, Donat Bank, etc.

Simultaneously, a political strength was being financed that would be chosen upon to play a crucial part in the Anglo-American plans - the Nazi political party and Adolf Hitler himself.

German Chancellor Brüning wrote in his memoirs that showtime in 1923, Hitler received large sums of money from abroad - from where exactly is unknown, but information technology passed through Swiss and Swedish banks. It is also known that in 1922, Hitler met with U.S. Military Attaché Capt. Truman Smith in Munich - a meeting Smith recounted in a detailed report to his Washington superiors (in the Function of Military Intelligence), proverb he idea highly of Hitler.

Information technology was through Smith's circle of acquaintances that Hitler came into contact with "Putzi" (Ernst Franz Sedgwick Hanfstaengl), a Harvard University graduate who played an important role shaping Hitler into a successful political leader, giving him substantial financial support and connections amongst senior British figures.

Hitler was preparing himself for big-fourth dimension politics, simply, every bit long equally prosperity reigned in Germany, his political party remained on the periphery of public life. This state of affairs changed dramatically with the onset of the crisis.

After the U.S. Federal Reserve engineered the plummet of the stock market in the fall of 1929, the tertiary stage of the Anglo-American strategy began.

The Fed and J.P. Morgan decided to cease lending to Germany, spurring a banking crisis and economic low in Central Europe. In September 1931, England abandoned the gold standard, deliberately destroying the international payment system and completely cutting off the financial oxygen of the Weimar Republic.

But, the Nazi Party experienced a miraculous boom: in September 1930, thanks to large donations from Thyssen, I.G. Farben, and Kirdorf, the party collected 6.4 million votes - putting information technology in second place in the Reichstag. Shortly thereafter appeared a generous infusion of funds from abroad. Hjalmar Schacht became the cardinal link between the major German industrialists and the strange financiers.

On January 4, 1932, at a coming together between Adolf Hitler, High german Chancellor Franz von Papen and Montague Norman, a underground understanding was reached securing funding for the Nazi Party. The American politician, Dulles, was also present at this coming together - something his biographers don't like to mention. On January fourteen, 1933, Hitler held a meeting with Kurt von Schroeder, a Nazi-sympathizing broker, von Papen and Kepler, where the Hitler'due south programme was fully approved. It was here that the last path for the Nazis' rise to power was laid, and on January 30, Hitler became chancellor.

So began the fourth stage of the strategy.

The relationship between the new government and the Anglo-American ruling circles became extremely benevolent. When Hitler refused connected payment of reparations, which naturally raised questions nearly the payment of war debts, neither Britain nor France forced him to pay up. Moreover, after Reichsbank head Hjalmar Schacht traveled to the U.South. in May 1933 to meet with the president and major Wall Street bankers, America provided Deutschland with new loans totaling $1 billion. And in June, during a visit to Norman in London, Schacht requested an addition $ii billion in loans also every bit a reduction and eventual abeyance of payment on old loans. Thus, the Nazis got something that the previous government could not.

In the summer of 1934, U.k. signed the Anglo-High german Transfer Understanding, which became one of the foundations of British policy towards the 3rd Reich, and by the end of the 1930's, Deutschland developed into United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland's primary trading partner. Schroeder's depository financial institution turned into Germany's and Great United kingdom's main agent, and in 1936, its New York branch merged with a Rockefeller holding to create the investment bank "Schroeder, Rockefeller and Co.", which the New York Times described every bit "economic-propagandist axis of Berlin-Rome". As he admitted himself, Hitler viewed strange credit as the financial basis of his four-twelvemonth program, and so this didn't raise the slightest alarm.

In August 1934, American oil giant Standard Oil purchased 730,000 acres of land in Germany and built large oil refineries that supplied the Nazis with oil. At the aforementioned time, the United states secretly provided Germany with the well-nigh modernistic equipment for aeroplane factories, which would shortly produce German aircraft. Frg received a big number of patents from American firms Pratt and Whitney, Douglas, and the Bendix Corporation, and the "Junker-87" swoop-bomber was built using purely American technology. Past 1941, when the second world state of war was in total-swing, American investment in the German economy totaled $475 million, Standard Oil invested $120 1000000 lone, General Motors — $35 million, ITT — $xxx million, and Ford — $17.5 million.

The intimate financial and economic collusion between Anglo-American and Nazi businessman was the properties against which the policy of appeasement to the aggressor took identify - leading directly to Globe War Two.

Today, while the global financial elite has embarked on a plan of "Great Depression part II" with the subsequent transition to a "new globe gild", it is imperative to place its key role in organizing crimes against humanity in the past.


ORIENTAL REVIEW has completed exclusive translations of the chapters from Nikolay Starikov's documentary research ""Who Fabricated Hitler Attack Stalin" (St.Petersburg, 2008). Mr. Starikov is Russian historian and ceremonious activist. The original text was adapted and translated past ORIENTAL REVIEW.